minor documentation fixes

.vscode/settings.json

@@ -6,5 +6,6 @@
     "bunbunsearch",
     "itertools",
     "opensearchdescription"
-  ]
+  ],
+  "python.pythonPath": "/usr/bin/python3"
 }

Cargo.lock

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "actix-server"
-version = "1.0.0"
+version = "1.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "actix-codec 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "actix-macros 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "actix-rt 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "actix-server 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "actix-server 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "actix-service 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "futures 0.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "log 0.4.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "actix-macros 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "actix-router 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "actix-rt 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "actix-server 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "actix-server 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "actix-service 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "actix-testing 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "actix-threadpool 0.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -1738,7 +1738,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "checksum actix-macros 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "21705adc76bbe4bc98434890e73a89cd00c6015e5704a60bb6eea6c3b72316b6"
 "checksum actix-router 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "7ad01d9350616bbf91c7a651b40b9205a58076a069c7b8094d15e2fcf17c2edc"
 "checksum actix-rt 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "3f6a0a55507046441a496b2f0d26a84a65e67c8cafffe279072412f624b5fb6d"
-"checksum actix-server 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "f5d8a9cd23ebd54ebfd8dc4f93313c142f9d2d505b3e40865d6b384fedfc4748"
+"checksum actix-server 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "51d3455eaac03ca3e49d7b822eb35c884b861f715627254ccbe4309d08f1841a"
 "checksum actix-service 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "7a5ecef49693fcfe2c13a34c7218eb5b7898ff3fbe334db8445759f871fec2df"
 "checksum actix-testing 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "48494745b72d0ea8ff0cf874aaf9b622a3ee03d7081ee0c04edea4f26d32c911"
 "checksum actix-threadpool 0.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "cf4082192601de5f303013709ff84d81ca6a1bc4af7fb24f367a500a23c6e84e"

Cargo.toml

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ description = "Re-implementation of bunny1 in Rust"
 license = "AGPL-3.0"
 readme = "README.md"
 repository = "https://github.com/edward-shen/bunbun"
+exclude = ["/aux/"]
 
 [dependencies]
 actix-web = "2.0"
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ itertools = "0.8"
 log = "0.4"
 simple_logger = "1.3"
 clap = { version = "2.33", features = ["yaml", "wrap_help"] }
+# rlua = "0.17"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 tempfile = "3.1"

bunbun.default.yaml

@@ -15,6 +15,17 @@ default_route: "g"
 # contain "{{query}}", which will be populated by the user's search query. This
 # input is percent-escaped. If multiple routes are defined, then the later
 # defined route is used.
+#
+# You may provide an (absolute, recommended) path to an executable file to out-
+# source route resolution to a program. The program will receive one argument
+# only, which is the entire string provided from the user after matching the
+# route. It is up to the out-sourced program to parse the arguments and to
+# interpret those arguments. These programs should print one line to standard
+# out, which should be a fully resolved URL to lead the user to.
+#
+# These programs must be developed defensively, as they accept arbitrary user
+# input. Improper handling of user input can easily lead to anywhere from simple
+# flakey responses to remote code execution.
 groups:
   -
     name: "Meta commands"

src/config.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+use crate::{routes::Route, BunBunError};
+use log::{debug, error, info, trace};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fs::{read_to_string, OpenOptions};
+use std::io::Write;
+
+const DEFAULT_CONFIG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../bunbun.default.yaml");
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Debug, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Config {
+  pub bind_address: String,
+  pub public_address: String,
+  pub default_route: Option<String>,
+  pub groups: Vec<RouteGroup>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
+pub struct RouteGroup {
+  pub name: String,
+  pub description: Option<String>,
+  pub routes: HashMap<String, Route>,
+}
+
+// TODO implement rlua:
+// # use rlua::{Lua, Result};
+// # fn main() -> Result<()> {
+// let lua = Lua::new();
+// lua.context(|lua_context| {
+//    lua_context.load(r#"
+//        print("hello world!")
+//    "#).exec()
+// })?;
+// # Ok(())
+// # }
+
+/// Attempts to read the config file. If it doesn't exist, generate one a
+/// default config file before attempting to parse it.
+pub fn read_config(config_file_path: &str) -> Result<Config, BunBunError> {
+  trace!("Loading config file...");
+  let config_str = match read_to_string(config_file_path) {
+    Ok(conf_str) => {
+      debug!("Successfully loaded config file into memory.");
+      conf_str
+    }
+    Err(_) => {
+      info!(
+        "Unable to find a {} file. Creating default!",
+        config_file_path
+      );
+
+      let fd = OpenOptions::new()
+        .write(true)
+        .create_new(true)
+        .open(config_file_path);
+
+      match fd {
+        Ok(mut fd) => fd.write_all(DEFAULT_CONFIG)?,
+        Err(e) => {
+          error!("Failed to write to {}: {}. Default config will be loaded but not saved.", config_file_path, e);
+        }
+      };
+
+      String::from_utf8_lossy(DEFAULT_CONFIG).into_owned()
+    }
+  };
+
+  // Reading from memory is faster than reading directly from a reader for some
+  // reason; see https://github.com/serde-rs/json/issues/160
+  Ok(serde_yaml::from_str(&config_str)?)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod read_config {
+  use super::*;
+  use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
+
+  #[test]
+  fn returns_default_config_if_path_does_not_exist() {
+    assert_eq!(
+      read_config("/this_is_a_non_existent_file").unwrap(),
+      serde_yaml::from_slice(DEFAULT_CONFIG).unwrap()
+    );
+  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn returns_error_if_given_empty_config() {
+    assert_eq!(
+      read_config("/dev/null").unwrap_err().to_string(),
+      "EOF while parsing a value"
+    );
+  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn returns_error_if_given_invalid_config() -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
+    let mut tmp_file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
+    tmp_file.write_all(b"g")?;
+    assert_eq!(
+      read_config(tmp_file.path().to_str().unwrap())
+        .unwrap_err()
+        .to_string(),
+      r#"invalid type: string "g", expected struct Config at line 1 column 1"#
+    );
+    Ok(())
+  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn returns_error_if_config_missing_field() -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
+    let mut tmp_file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
+    tmp_file.write_all(
+      br#"
+      bind_address: "localhost"
+      public_address: "localhost"
+      "#,
+    )?;
+    assert_eq!(
+      read_config(tmp_file.path().to_str().unwrap())
+        .unwrap_err()
+        .to_string(),
+      "missing field `groups` at line 2 column 19"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn returns_ok_if_valid_config() -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
+    let mut tmp_file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
+    tmp_file.write_all(
+      br#"
+      bind_address: "a"
+      public_address: "b"
+      groups: []"#,
+    )?;
+    assert_eq!(
+      read_config(tmp_file.path().to_str().unwrap()).unwrap(),
+      Config {
+        bind_address: String::from("a"),
+        public_address: String::from("b"),
+        groups: vec![],
+        default_route: None,
+      }
+    );
+    Ok(())
+  }
+}

src/error.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ pub enum BunBunError {
   ParseError(serde_yaml::Error),
   WatchError(hotwatch::Error),
   LoggerInitError(log::SetLoggerError),
+  CustomProgramError(String),
 }
 
 impl Error for BunBunError {}
@@ -15,10 +16,11 @@ impl Error for BunBunError {}
 impl fmt::Display for BunBunError {
   fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
     match self {
-      BunBunError::IoError(e) => e.fmt(f),
+      Self::IoError(e) => e.fmt(f),
-      BunBunError::ParseError(e) => e.fmt(f),
+      Self::ParseError(e) => e.fmt(f),
-      BunBunError::WatchError(e) => e.fmt(f),
+      Self::WatchError(e) => e.fmt(f),
-      BunBunError::LoggerInitError(e) => e.fmt(f),
+      Self::LoggerInitError(e) => e.fmt(f),
+      Self::CustomProgramError(msg) => write!(f, "{}", msg),
     }
   }
 }
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ macro_rules! from_error {
   ($from:ty, $to:ident) => {
     impl From<$from> for BunBunError {
       fn from(e: $from) -> Self {
-        BunBunError::$to(e)
+        Self::$to(e)
       }
     }
   };

src/main.rs

@@ -1,25 +1,22 @@
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
+use crate::config::{read_config, RouteGroup};
 use actix_web::{middleware::Logger, App, HttpServer};
 use clap::{crate_authors, crate_version, load_yaml, App as ClapApp};
 use error::BunBunError;
 use handlebars::Handlebars;
 use hotwatch::{Event, Hotwatch};
-use log::{debug, error, info, trace, warn};
+use log::{debug, info, trace, warn};
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::cmp::min;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
-use std::fs::{read_to_string, OpenOptions};
-use std::io::Write;
 use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
 use std::time::Duration;
 
+mod config;
 mod error;
 mod routes;
 mod template_args;
 
-const DEFAULT_CONFIG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../bunbun.default.yaml");
-
 /// Dynamic variables that either need to be present at runtime, or can be
 /// changed during runtime.
 pub struct State {
@@ -27,7 +24,7 @@ pub struct State {
   default_route: Option<String>,
   groups: Vec<RouteGroup>,
   /// Cached, flattened mapping of all routes and their destinations.
-  routes: HashMap<String, String>,
+  routes: HashMap<String, routes::Route>,
 }
 
 #[actix_rt::main]
@@ -97,61 +94,10 @@ fn init_logger(
   Ok(())
 }
 
-#[derive(Deserialize, Debug, PartialEq)]
-struct Config {
-  bind_address: String,
-  public_address: String,
-  default_route: Option<String>,
-  groups: Vec<RouteGroup>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
-struct RouteGroup {
-  name: String,
-  description: Option<String>,
-  routes: HashMap<String, String>,
-}
-
-/// Attempts to read the config file. If it doesn't exist, generate one a
-/// default config file before attempting to parse it.
-fn read_config(config_file_path: &str) -> Result<Config, BunBunError> {
-  trace!("Loading config file...");
-  let config_str = match read_to_string(config_file_path) {
-    Ok(conf_str) => {
-      debug!("Successfully loaded config file into memory.");
-      conf_str
-    }
-    Err(_) => {
-      info!(
-        "Unable to find a {} file. Creating default!",
-        config_file_path
-      );
-
-      let fd = OpenOptions::new()
-        .write(true)
-        .create_new(true)
-        .open(config_file_path);
-
-      match fd {
-        Ok(mut fd) => fd.write_all(DEFAULT_CONFIG)?,
-        Err(e) => {
-          error!("Failed to write to {}: {}. Default config will be loaded but not saved.", config_file_path, e);
-        }
-      };
-
-      String::from_utf8_lossy(DEFAULT_CONFIG).into_owned()
-    }
-  };
-
-  // Reading from memory is faster than reading directly from a reader for some
-  // reason; see https://github.com/serde-rs/json/issues/160
-  Ok(serde_yaml::from_str(&config_str)?)
-}
-
 /// Generates a hashmap of routes from the data structure created by the config
 /// file. This should improve runtime performance and is a better solution than
 /// just iterating over the config object for every hop resolution.
-fn cache_routes(groups: &[RouteGroup]) -> HashMap<String, String> {
+fn cache_routes(groups: &[RouteGroup]) -> HashMap<String, routes::Route> {
   let mut mapping = HashMap::new();
   for group in groups {
     for (kw, dest) in &group.routes {
@@ -265,90 +211,18 @@ mod init_logger {
   }
 }
 
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod read_config {
-  use super::*;
-  use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
-
-  #[test]
-  fn returns_default_config_if_path_does_not_exist() {
-    assert_eq!(
-      read_config("/this_is_a_non_existent_file").unwrap(),
-      serde_yaml::from_slice(DEFAULT_CONFIG).unwrap()
-    );
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn returns_error_if_given_empty_config() {
-    assert_eq!(
-      read_config("/dev/null").unwrap_err().to_string(),
-      "EOF while parsing a value"
-    );
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn returns_error_if_given_invalid_config() -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
-    let mut tmp_file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
-    tmp_file.write_all(b"g")?;
-    assert_eq!(
-      read_config(tmp_file.path().to_str().unwrap())
-        .unwrap_err()
-        .to_string(),
-      r#"invalid type: string "g", expected struct Config at line 1 column 1"#
-    );
-    Ok(())
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn returns_error_if_config_missing_field() -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
-    let mut tmp_file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
-    tmp_file.write_all(
-      br#"
-      bind_address: "localhost"
-      public_address: "localhost"
-      "#,
-    )?;
-    assert_eq!(
-      read_config(tmp_file.path().to_str().unwrap())
-        .unwrap_err()
-        .to_string(),
-      "missing field `groups` at line 2 column 19"
-    );
-    Ok(())
-  }
-
-  #[test]
-  fn returns_ok_if_valid_config() -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
-    let mut tmp_file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
-    tmp_file.write_all(
-      br#"
-      bind_address: "a"
-      public_address: "b"
-      groups: []"#,
-    )?;
-    assert_eq!(
-      read_config(tmp_file.path().to_str().unwrap()).unwrap(),
-      Config {
-        bind_address: String::from("a"),
-        public_address: String::from("b"),
-        groups: vec![],
-        default_route: None,
-      }
-    );
-    Ok(())
-  }
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod cache_routes {
   use super::*;
   use std::iter::FromIterator;
 
-  fn generate_routes(routes: &[(&str, &str)]) -> HashMap<String, String> {
+  fn generate_external_routes(
+    routes: &[(&str, &str)],
+  ) -> HashMap<String, routes::Route> {
     HashMap::from_iter(
       routes
         .iter()
-        .map(|(k, v)| (String::from(*k), String::from(*v))),
+        .map(|(k, v)| ((*k).into(), routes::Route::External((*v).into()))),
     )
   }
 
@@ -362,18 +236,23 @@ mod cache_routes {
     let group1 = RouteGroup {
       name: String::from("x"),
       description: Some(String::from("y")),
-      routes: generate_routes(&[("a", "b"), ("c", "d")]),
+      routes: generate_external_routes(&[("a", "b"), ("c", "d")]),
     };
 
     let group2 = RouteGroup {
       name: String::from("5"),
       description: Some(String::from("6")),
-      routes: generate_routes(&[("1", "2"), ("3", "4")]),
+      routes: generate_external_routes(&[("1", "2"), ("3", "4")]),
     };
 
     assert_eq!(
       cache_routes(&[group1, group2]),
-      generate_routes(&[("a", "b"), ("c", "d"), ("1", "2"), ("3", "4")])
+      generate_external_routes(&[
+        ("a", "b"),
+        ("c", "d"),
+        ("1", "2"),
+        ("3", "4")
+      ])
     );
   }
 
@@ -382,29 +261,29 @@ mod cache_routes {
     let group1 = RouteGroup {
       name: String::from("x"),
       description: Some(String::from("y")),
-      routes: generate_routes(&[("a", "b"), ("c", "d")]),
+      routes: generate_external_routes(&[("a", "b"), ("c", "d")]),
     };
 
     let group2 = RouteGroup {
       name: String::from("5"),
       description: Some(String::from("6")),
-      routes: generate_routes(&[("a", "1"), ("c", "2")]),
+      routes: generate_external_routes(&[("a", "1"), ("c", "2")]),
     };
 
     assert_eq!(
       cache_routes(&[group1.clone(), group2]),
-      generate_routes(&[("a", "1"), ("c", "2")])
+      generate_external_routes(&[("a", "1"), ("c", "2")])
     );
 
     let group3 = RouteGroup {
       name: String::from("5"),
       description: Some(String::from("6")),
-      routes: generate_routes(&[("a", "1"), ("b", "2")]),
+      routes: generate_external_routes(&[("a", "1"), ("b", "2")]),
     };
 
     assert_eq!(
       cache_routes(&[group1, group3]),
-      generate_routes(&[("a", "1"), ("b", "2"), ("c", "d")])
+      generate_external_routes(&[("a", "1"), ("b", "2"), ("c", "d")])
     );
   }
 }

src/routes.rs

@@ -6,14 +6,15 @@ use actix_web::web::{Data, Query};
 use actix_web::{HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Responder};
 use handlebars::Handlebars;
 use itertools::Itertools;
-use log::debug;
+use log::{debug, error};
 use percent_encoding::{utf8_percent_encode, AsciiSet, CONTROLS};
-use serde::Deserialize;
+use serde::{de::Visitor, Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
 use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::process::Command;
 use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
 
-type StateData = Data<Arc<RwLock<State>>>;
-
 /// https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#fragment-percent-encode-set
 const FRAGMENT_ENCODE_SET: &AsciiSet = &CONTROLS
   .add(b' ')
@@ -23,6 +24,75 @@ const FRAGMENT_ENCODE_SET: &AsciiSet = &CONTROLS
   .add(b'`')
   .add(b'+');
 
+type StateData = Data<Arc<RwLock<State>>>;
+
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone)]
+pub enum Route {
+  External(String),
+  Path(String),
+}
+
+/// Serialization of the Route enum needs to be transparent, but since the
+/// `#[serde(transparent)]` macro isn't available on enums, so we need to
+/// implement it manually.
+impl Serialize for Route {
+  fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+  where
+    S: Serializer,
+  {
+    match self {
+      Self::External(s) => serializer.serialize_str(s),
+      Self::Path(s) => serializer.serialize_str(s),
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/// Deserialization of the route string into the enum requires us to figure out
+/// whether or not the string is valid to run as an executable or not. To
+/// determine this, we simply check if it exists on disk or assume that it's a
+/// web path. This incurs a disk check operation, but since users shouldn't be
+/// updating the config that frequently, it should be fine.
+impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Route {
+  fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Route, D::Error>
+  where
+    D: Deserializer<'de>,
+  {
+    struct RouteVisitor;
+    impl<'de> Visitor<'de> for RouteVisitor {
+      type Value = Route;
+
+      fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        formatter.write_str("string")
+      }
+
+      fn visit_str<E>(self, value: &str) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
+      where
+        E: serde::de::Error,
+      {
+        // Return early if it's a path, don't go through URL parsing
+        if std::path::Path::new(value).exists() {
+          debug!("Parsed {} as a valid local path.", value);
+          Ok(Route::Path(value.into()))
+        } else {
+          debug!("{} does not exist on disk, assuming web path.", value);
+          Ok(Route::External(value.into()))
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    deserializer.deserialize_str(RouteVisitor)
+  }
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for Route {
+  fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+    match self {
+      Self::External(s) => write!(f, "raw ({})", s),
+      Self::Path(s) => write!(f, "file ({})", s),
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 #[get("/ls")]
 pub async fn list(
   data: Data<Arc<RwLock<State>>>,
@@ -52,14 +122,21 @@ pub async fn hop(
   let data = data.read().unwrap();
 
   match resolve_hop(&query.to, &data.routes, &data.default_route) {
-    (Some(path), args) => HttpResponse::Found()
+    (Some(path), args) => {
+      let resolved_template = match path {
+        Route::Path(path) => resolve_path(PathBuf::from(path), &args),
+        Route::External(path) => Ok(path.to_owned().into_bytes()),
+      };
+
+      match resolved_template {
+        Ok(path) => HttpResponse::Found()
           .header(
             header::LOCATION,
             req
               .app_data::<Handlebars>()
               .unwrap()
               .render_template(
-            &path,
+                std::str::from_utf8(&path).unwrap(),
                 &template_args::query(
                   utf8_percent_encode(&args, FRAGMENT_ENCODE_SET).to_string(),
                 ),
@@ -67,6 +144,12 @@ pub async fn hop(
               .unwrap(),
           )
           .finish(),
+        Err(e) => {
+          error!("Failed to redirect user for {}: {}", path, e);
+          HttpResponse::InternalServerError().body("Something went wrong :(\n")
+        }
+      }
+    }
     (None, _) => HttpResponse::NotFound().body("not found"),
   }
 }
@@ -77,11 +160,11 @@ pub async fn hop(
 ///
 /// The first element in the tuple describes the route, while the second element
 /// returns the remaining arguments. If none remain, an empty string is given.
-fn resolve_hop(
+fn resolve_hop<'a>(
   query: &str,
-  routes: &HashMap<String, String>,
+  routes: &'a HashMap<String, Route>,
   default_route: &Option<String>,
-) -> (Option<String>, String) {
+) -> (Option<&'a Route>, String) {
   let mut split_args = query.split_ascii_whitespace().peekable();
   let command = match split_args.peek() {
     Some(command) => command,
@@ -94,7 +177,7 @@ fn resolve_hop(
   match (routes.get(*command), default_route) {
     // Found a route
     (Some(resolved), _) => (
-      Some(resolved.clone()),
+      Some(resolved),
       match split_args.next() {
         // Discard the first result, we found the route using the first arg
         Some(_) => {
@@ -113,7 +196,7 @@ fn resolve_hop(
       let args = split_args.join(" ");
       debug!("Using default route {} with args {}", route, args);
       match routes.get(route) {
-        Some(v) => (Some(v.to_owned()), args),
+        Some(v) => (Some(v), args),
         None => (None, String::new()),
       }
     }
@@ -140,6 +223,28 @@ pub async fn index(data: StateData, req: HttpRequest) -> impl Responder {
   )
 }
 
+/// Runs the executable with the user's input as a single argument. Returns Ok
+/// so long as the executable was successfully executed. Returns an Error if the
+/// file doesn't exist or bunbun did not have permission to read and execute the
+/// file.
+fn resolve_path(
+  path: PathBuf,
+  args: &str,
+) -> Result<Vec<u8>, crate::BunBunError> {
+  let output = Command::new(path.canonicalize()?).arg(args).output()?;
+
+  if output.status.success() {
+    Ok(output.stdout)
+  } else {
+    error!(
+      "Program exit code for {} was not 0! Dumping standard error!",
+      path.display(),
+    );
+    let error = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
+    Err(crate::BunBunError::CustomProgramError(error.to_string()))
+  }
+}
+
 #[get("/bunbunsearch.xml")]
 pub async fn opensearch(data: StateData, req: HttpRequest) -> impl Responder {
   let data = data.read().unwrap();
@@ -160,15 +265,69 @@ pub async fn opensearch(data: StateData, req: HttpRequest) -> impl Responder {
     )
 }
 
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod route {
+  use super::*;
+  use serde_yaml::{from_str, to_string};
+  use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
+
+  #[test]
+  fn deserialize_relative_path() {
+    let tmpfile = NamedTempFile::new_in(".").unwrap();
+    let path = format!("{}", tmpfile.path().display());
+    let path = path.get(path.rfind(".").unwrap()..).unwrap();
+    let path = std::path::Path::new(path);
+    assert!(path.is_relative());
+    let path = path.to_str().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(from_str::<Route>(path).unwrap(), Route::Path(path.into()));
+  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn deserialize_absolute_path() {
+    let tmpfile = NamedTempFile::new().unwrap();
+    let path = format!("{}", tmpfile.path().display());
+    assert!(tmpfile.path().is_absolute());
+    assert_eq!(from_str::<Route>(&path).unwrap(), Route::Path(path));
+  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn deserialize_http_path() {
+    assert_eq!(
+      from_str::<Route>("http://google.com").unwrap(),
+      Route::External("http://google.com".into())
+    );
+  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn deserialize_https_path() {
+    assert_eq!(
+      from_str::<Route>("https://google.com").unwrap(),
+      Route::External("https://google.com".into())
+    );
+  }
+
+  #[test]
+  fn serialize() {
+    assert_eq!(
+      &to_string(&Route::External("hello world".into())).unwrap(),
+      "---\nhello world"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+      &to_string(&Route::Path("hello world".into())).unwrap(),
+      "---\nhello world"
+    );
+  }
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod resolve_hop {
   use super::*;
 
-  fn generate_route_result(
+  fn generate_route_result<'a>(
-    keyword: &str,
+    keyword: &'a Route,
     args: &str,
-  ) -> (Option<String>, String) {
+  ) -> (Option<&'a Route>, String) {
-    (Some(String::from(keyword)), String::from(args))
+    (Some(keyword), String::from(args))
   }
 
   #[test]
@@ -193,31 +352,49 @@ mod resolve_hop {
 
   #[test]
   fn only_default_routes_some_default_yields_default_hop() {
-    let mut map = HashMap::new();
+    let mut map: HashMap<String, Route> = HashMap::new();
-    map.insert(String::from("google"), String::from("https://example.com"));
+    map.insert(
+      "google".into(),
+      Route::External("https://example.com".into()),
+    );
     assert_eq!(
       resolve_hop("hello world", &map, &Some(String::from("google"))),
-      generate_route_result("https://example.com", "hello world"),
+      generate_route_result(
+        &Route::External("https://example.com".into()),
+        "hello world"
+      ),
     );
   }
 
   #[test]
   fn non_default_routes_some_default_yields_non_default_hop() {
-    let mut map = HashMap::new();
+    let mut map: HashMap<String, Route> = HashMap::new();
-    map.insert(String::from("google"), String::from("https://example.com"));
+    map.insert(
+      "google".into(),
+      Route::External("https://example.com".into()),
+    );
     assert_eq!(
       resolve_hop("google hello world", &map, &Some(String::from("a"))),
-      generate_route_result("https://example.com", "hello world"),
+      generate_route_result(
+        &Route::External("https://example.com".into()),
+        "hello world"
+      ),
     );
   }
 
   #[test]
   fn non_default_routes_no_default_yields_non_default_hop() {
-    let mut map = HashMap::new();
+    let mut map: HashMap<String, Route> = HashMap::new();
-    map.insert(String::from("google"), String::from("https://example.com"));
+    map.insert(
+      "google".into(),
+      Route::External("https://example.com".into()),
+    );
     assert_eq!(
       resolve_hop("google hello world", &map, &None),
-      generate_route_result("https://example.com", "hello world"),
+      generate_route_result(
+        &Route::External("https://example.com".into()),
+        "hello world"
+      ),
     );
   }
 }